FDA Compares Risks of Pradaxa and Warfarin

FDA study of Medicare patients finds risks lower for stroke and death but higher for gastrointestinal bleeding with Pradaxa compared to warfarin

/ Author:  / Reviewed by: Joseph V. Madia, MD Beth Bolt, RPh

FDA research has taken a closer look at the risks of two medications commonly used to lower the risk for stroke and blood clots.

In its ongoing review of the blood thinner Pradaxa (dabigatran), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently completed a new study in Medicare patients comparing Pradaxa to the blood thinner warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven), for risk of ischemic or clot-related stroke, bleeding in the brain, major gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, myocardial infarction (MI), and death. Pradaxa and warfarin are used to reduce the risk of stroke and blood clots in patients with a common type of abnormal heart rhythm called non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF).

The new study included information from more than 134,000 Medicare patients, 65 years or older, and found that among new users of blood-thinning drugs, Pradaxa was associated with a lower risk of clot-related strokes, bleeding in the brain, and death, than warfarin. The study also found an increased risk of major gastrointestinal bleeding with use of Pradaxa as compared to warfarin. The MI risk was similar for the two drugs.

Importantly, the new study is based on a much larger and older patient population than those used in FDA’s earlier review of post-market data, and employed a more sophisticated analytical method to capture and analyze the events of concern. This study’s findings, except with regard to MI, are consistent with the clinical trial results that provided the basis for Pradaxa’s approval.

As a result of our latest findings, we still consider Pradaxa to have a favorable benefit to risk profile and have made no changes to the current label or recommendations for use. Patients should not stop taking Pradaxa (or warfarin) without first talking with their health care professionals. Stopping the use of blood-thinning medications such as Pradaxa and warfarin can increase the risk of stroke and lead to permanent disability and death. Health care professionals who prescribe Pradaxa should continue to follow the dosing recommendations in the drug label.

We urge both health care professionals and patients to report side effects involving Pradaxa or warfarin to the FDA MedWatch program, using the information in the “Contact FDA” box at the bottom of the page.

Review Date: 
May 13, 2014